سنجش شکاف سواد رسانهای در نوجوانان ایرانی: یک مطالعه آمیخته در میان خانوادههای خرمآبادی
کلمات کلیدی:
حکمرانی خوب, مدیریت بحران, کسبوکاروهای کوچک و متوسط, نظریه زمینهبنیاد, بحران کرونا, استان بوشهرچکیده
هدف این پژوهش شناسایی و تبیین شکافهای سواد رسانهای نوجوانان ایرانی با تأکید بر تفاوتهای جنسیتی، الگوهای مصرف رسانه و پیامدهای آموزشی–اجتماعی آن است. پژوهش با رویکرد آمیخته اکتشافی متوالی انجام شد؛ در بخش کیفی، دادهها از طریق مصاحبههای نیمهساختاریافته با ۶۰ نفر از کادر مدارس و ۳۰ والد گردآوری و با تحلیل مضمون براون و کلارک تحلیل شد، و در بخش کمی، دادهها از ۱۲۰ دانشآموز و ۴۰ خبره با پرسشنامه و روش دلفی دو مرحلهای جمعآوری و با آزمونهای استنباطی (t مستقل، کایاسکوئر و تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی) تحلیل گردید. نتایج آزمونهای استنباطی نشان داد تفاوتهای جنسیتی معناداری در میزان مصرف رسانه (p<0.05) وجود دارد و تنها ۳۸٪ از دانشآموزان از مهارتهای ارزیابی انتقادی معتبر برخوردارند؛ تحلیل عاملی سه بُعد اصلی سواد رسانهای را تبیین کرد که در مجموع ۸۳٪ واریانس را توضیح میدهند (مهارتهای شناختی انتقادی، امنیت و حفاظت دیجیتال، و رفاه دیجیتال)، و اجماع دلفی بر اولویت تفکر انتقادی، آموزش والدین و تشخیص اخبار جعلی تأکید داشت. یافتهها حاکی از شکاف سهگانه «مصرف بالا، مهارت پایین و نگرانی بالا» است و بر ضرورت طراحی برنامههای آموزشی بومی، متمایز جنسیتی و خانوادهمحور برای ارتقای سواد رسانهای نوجوانان ایرانی تأکید میکند.
دانلودها
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