تدوین الگو و چهارچوبی جامع برای شناسایی، اولویت‌بندی و تحلیل مؤلفه‌های رهبری معنوی مدیران دانشگاهی

فاطمه  حبیب اله موسوی; نرگس حسن مرادی; محمود ابوالقاسمی; محمد  قهرمانی

Authors

Fatemeh Habibollah Moosavi PhD Student, Department of Educational Sciences, NT.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Author https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9332-8528
Narges Hasanmoradi Department of Educational Sciences, NT.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Corresponding author https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7958-9820
Mahmood Abolghasemi Associate Professor of Educational Management, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3296-7916
Mohammad Ghahremani Associate Professor of Educational Management, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Author https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4554-248X

Keywords:

Spiritual leadership, academic administrators, structural equations

Abstract

This study aimed to identify, validate, and prioritize the main and subcomponents of spiritual leadership among academic managers of Islamic Azad University branches in Tehran and to develop an applicable analytical model. This applied study used a descriptive-survey design based on structural equation modeling. In the first stage, 53 components of spiritual leadership were extracted through a review of theoretical foundations and previous studies. These components were then evaluated by a panel of 30 academic experts, and after removing overlapping, repetitive, or less applicable items, 35 components were retained. The final components were classified into four main dimensions: cognitive capacities, social capacities, personality characteristics, and behavioral characteristics. The statistical population consisted of senior, middle, and executive managers working in the North Tehran, South Tehran, East Tehran, West Tehran, Central Tehran, and Science and Research branches of Islamic Azad University. Based on Cochran’s formula, the sample size was estimated at 148 participants, and 150 valid questionnaires were ultimately collected using stratified random sampling. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed through expert review and factor analysis, and its reliability was supported by a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.935.The results of factor analysis and structural equation modeling indicated that all retained components were statistically significant, with t-values greater than 1.96, confirming their ability to represent the latent dimensions of spiritual leadership. The model fit indices also supported the adequacy and acceptable fit of the proposed model. Among the four dimensions, cognitive capacities showed the strongest standardized factor loading on academic managers’ spiritual leadership, with a coefficient of 0.71. Social capacities ranked second with a factor loading of 0.63, followed by personality characteristics with a loading of 0.61 and behavioral characteristics with a loading of 0.55. Accordingly, the 35 final components were confirmed as meaningful indicators of spiritual leadership within the proposed four-dimensional model. The findings suggest that spiritual leadership in academic management is a multidimensional construct shaped by cognitive, social, personality-related, and behavioral capacities. The proposed model provides a validated framework for assessing, training, selecting, and developing academic managers. Its application may contribute to stronger participation, ethical conduct, organizational commitment, meaningful work, and improved effectiveness in higher education institutions.

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