Global Digital Transformation Policies in Education and Management
Keywords:
Digital transformation, educational policy, smart learning, digital leadership, educational equity, data governanceAbstract
The aim of this study was to systematically review global policies related to digital transformation in education and management and to identify key themes, challenges, and policy approaches at international, institutional, and national levels. This qualitative review study employed thematic analysis. The research corpus included peer-reviewed articles retrieved from Scopus, Web of Science, Springer, and Google Scholar. Using purposive sampling, twelve articles most relevant to the topic were selected. Data were analyzed using Nvivo 14 software through open, axial, and selective coding until theoretical saturation was achieved. Extracted themes were categorized into three domains: global macro policies, institutional policies, and national implementation policies. The results revealed that global digital transformation policies in education are mainly focused on three key areas: promoting digital equity and inclusion, establishing data-driven learning systems, and enhancing institutional capacity through transformative leadership and digital culture. Countries emphasizing teachers’ digital competence and leadership development have achieved higher success in implementing smart learning initiatives. Furthermore, international policy frameworks increasingly highlight legal and ethical considerations in data governance and digital education. However, the persistent digital divide and infrastructural constraints in developing nations remain major barriers to full implementation. Global digital transformation policies in education and management mark a paradigm shift from traditional learning toward smart and data-driven systems. The success of such policies depends on the integration of technology, human capacity, and social values. Designing policies that simultaneously foster educational equity, sustainability, and innovation will be essential for shaping the future of global digital education.
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References
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