Identification of Teaching–Learning Strategies for a Workplace Curriculum Based on a Multicultural Approach in the Education System
Keywords:
Workplace curriculum, Multicultural approach, Teaching–learning strategies, Education system, Professional identity, Educational equityAbstract
The objective of this study was to identify and conceptualize the teaching–learning strategies of a workplace curriculum based on a multicultural approach within the education system, drawing on the experiences and perspectives of educational experts in Tehran. This qualitative study was conducted using a thematic analysis approach. Participants included curriculum planning experts, school administrators, teachers experienced in workplace-based education, and specialists in multicultural education in Tehran. They were selected through purposive sampling, and data collection continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. Data were gathered through in-depth semi-structured interviews and document analysis. All interviews were fully transcribed and analyzed through open, axial, and selective coding procedures. Credibility was enhanced through member checking and constant comparison of data sources. The analysis resulted in five major themes: intercultural interaction-based learning, authentic workplace-based learning design, flexibility in teaching methods responsive to cultural diversity, empowerment of multicultural professional identity, and culturally responsive formative assessment. The findings indicate that teaching–learning strategies in a multicultural workplace curriculum are multidimensional and process-oriented, requiring the integration of intercultural dialogue, authentic professional experiences, and reflective reconsideration of teachers’ roles and assessment practices. A multicultural workplace curriculum in the education system necessitates a reconceptualization of teaching–learning strategies aimed at promoting educational equity, intercultural engagement, and the development of a multicultural professional identity among students.
Downloads
References
Aboutalebi, N., Saffarian Hamedani, S., Taghvaee Yazdi, m., & Tajari, T. (2023). Presenting the Workplace Curriculum Model with a Futurology Approach in the Iran's Higher Education System. Iranian Journal of Educational Society, 8(2), 296-310. https://doi.org/10.22034/ijes.2023.708216
Belfiore ،, M. (1996). Understanding Curriculum Development in the Workplace. A Resource for Educators. ABC Canada. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED409421
Bezi, A., Fakoori, H., Bayani, A. A., & Saemi, H. (2024). Design and Validation of an Environmental Education Curriculum Model for Higher Education Based on the "Aker" Approach [Research Article]. Iranian Journal of Educational Sociology, 7(1), 79-90. https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.ijes.7.1.8
Chen, P., Clark, M., Sharma, M., Troya, Y., Cenzer, I., & Rivera, J. (2021). A longitudinal workplace-based interprofessional curriculum for graduate learners in a geriatrics patient-centered medical home. Journal of Interprofessional Education & Practice, 24, 100459. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjep.2021.100459
Doosti Hajiali Abadi, H., Fathi Vajargah, K., Khorasani, A., & Safaei Mohammadi, S. (2017). Conceptualizing the Discourse of Workplace Curriculum: An Emerging or Overlooked Discourse? Journal of Curriculum Planning Research, 13(2). https://sid.ir/paper/127542/fa
Farzadenia, F. (2016). Designing a Workplace Curriculum Model with a Competency-Based Approach for Training and Development of Project Managers (Case Study in Pars Oil and Gas Company) Kharazmi University]. https://elmnet.ir/article/11185711-41142/
Garcia-Torres, M., Gould, R., Harris, S. P., Abelleira, J., Malakoff, A., & Jones, R. (2025). Employer and Employee Experiences With Workplace Flexibility and ADA Title I Implementation: A Scoping Review. Rehabilitation Research Policy and Education, 39(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1891/re-22-30
Hadian, S. Z., Salimi, L., & Fallah, V. (2024). Validation of a Personal Development Program Model Based on Workplace Learning in the Education System. Future of Work and Digital Management Journal, 2(4), 89-103. https://www.journalfwdmj.com/index.php/fwdmj/article/view/78
Karimnzhad, M. H. (2025). Examining the impact of perceiving artificial intelligence as an opportunity on employees' workplace well-being: The role of informal learning and perceived job insecurity (Publication Number Master's thesis in Business Administration (Technology Orientation)) Payame Noor University].
Matsuno, S., Drewry, C., Hicks, A., & Inskip, C. (2024). How could the Library and Information Studies curriculum better prepare graduates to address equity, diversity and inclusion issues in their workplace? Journal of Information Science. https://doi.org/10.1177/01655515241245960
Mehmandoust Ghomseri, Z. S., Fathi Vajargah, K., Khorasani, A., & Safaei Mohammadi, S. (2020). Designing a Workplace Curriculum Model: A Synthesis Study. Theory and Practice in Curriculum Studies. https://www.jcstpicsa.ir/article_190629_083cf3045cb9cc69b453369e9ff72845.pdf
Mohideen, K. S., Dr. Sandeep, R. S., Dr. Elizabeth, C., Dr. Manish, D., & Prof. Vibhor, A. (2024). Diversity And Inclusion In The Workplace: Best Practices For HR Professionals. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 30(6), 2146-2153. https://doi.org/10.53555/kuey.v30i6.5672
Ritter, B., Small, E. E., Mortimer, J., & Doll, J. L. (2017). Designing Management Curriculum for Workplace Readiness: Developing Students’ Soft Skills. Organizational Behavior Teaching Review, 42(1), 80-103. https://doi.org/10.1177/1052562917703679
Safaei Mohammadi, S. (2018). A Model for Workplace Curriculum Based on Heutagogy Approach. Journal of Curriculum Studies in Iran, 12(51), 5-26. https://www.jcsicsa.ir/article_85704.html
Sumantri, O. R., & Saraswati, K. D. H. (2025). AI and Gen Z: Enhancing workplace well-being through informal learning. Tarumanagara International Conference on the Applications of Social Sciences and Humanities, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Tafakori, A. (2025). Modeling the Effects of Workplace Fun on Employees' Informal Learning With the Mediating Role of Organizational Trust: An Integrated Approach in Human Resource, Industrial, and Business Management. Journal of Information Systems Engineering & Management, 10(3), 1416-1428. https://doi.org/10.52783/jisem.v10i3.10712
Wavre, S. P. (2024). Learning Engagement Interventions to Enhance Diversity, Equity and Inclusivity Culture at Workplace. Journal of Workplace Learning, 36(8), 637-657. https://doi.org/10.1108/jwl-02-2024-0046
