Designing and Validating a Human Resource Development Model Based on the Holy Quran and Nahj al-Balagha
Keywords:
Development, human resources, Holy Quran and Nahj al-BalaghaAbstract
The objective of this study was to design and validate a comprehensive human resource development model based on the teachings of the Holy Quran and Nahj al-Balagha in order to provide a multidimensional, spiritual, and indigenous framework for improving organizational human resources. This study employed a mixed-methods exploratory design. In the qualitative phase, thematic analysis was conducted using MAXQDA software to extract relevant themes from the Holy Quran and Nahj al-Balagha. In the quantitative phase, the developed model was evaluated using a descriptive-survey method. The statistical population consisted of 416 instructors from the University of Applied Science and Technology in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province during the 2024–2025 academic year. Using simple random sampling, 200 participants were selected. Data were collected using a researcher-developed questionnaire and analyzed through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS4 software. Confirmatory factor analysis results showed that all constructs had significant factor loadings greater than 0.70 and t-values exceeding 1.96, confirming construct validity. Composite reliability, Cronbach’s alpha, and Average Variance Extracted (AVE) values exceeded acceptable thresholds for all dimensions. The findings demonstrated that human resource development is influenced by five main dimensions: educational development, organizational development, socio-cultural development, individual development, and spiritual-moral development. Among these, spiritual-moral development (factor loading = 0.892) and socio-cultural development (factor loading = 0.890) had the strongest effects. The proposed model demonstrated strong empirical validity and highlights that human resource development requires an integrated approach encompassing educational, organizational, socio-cultural, individual, and spiritual-moral dimensions. Emphasizing spiritual and ethical components alongside professional development promotes balanced growth, organizational commitment, and sustainable human resource development.
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