طراحی و اعتبارسنجی مدل فرایند تفکر طراحی در برنامهدرسی آموزش عالی ایران
کلمات کلیدی:
طراحی, اعتبارسنجی, مدلفرایندی, تفکرطراحی, برنامهدرسی, آموزشعالیچکیده
هدف این پژوهش، طراحی و اعتبارسنجی یک مدل پارادایمی از فرایند تفکر طراحی در برنامهدرسی آموزش عالی ایران بود. این مطالعه با رویکرد آمیخته (کیفی–کمی) انجام شد؛ در بخش کیفی از نظریه دادهبنیاد اشتراوس و کوربین با نمونهگیری نظری هدفمند (17 نفر تا اشباع نظری) و مصاحبههای نیمهساختاریافته استفاده شد و دادهها از طریق کدگذاری باز، محوری و گزینشی با نرمافزار MAXQDA تحلیل شدند؛ در بخش کمی، پرسشنامه محققساخته 49 گویهای بر اساس یافتههای کیفی طراحی و در میان 110 نفر از خبرگان آموزش عالی با نمونهگیری طبقهای-نسبی توزیع شد و دادهها با مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری مبتنی بر حداقل مربعات جزئی (SmartPLS3) تحلیل گردید. نتایج نشان داد که مدل استخراجشده شامل 15 مؤلفه اصلی با بارهای عاملی معنادار است و تمامی مسیرهای مدل در سطح اطمینان 95 درصد تأیید شدند؛ شرایط علی بهطور معنادار بر مقوله محوری اثر داشت (β=0.321)، شرایط زمینهای و مداخلهگر بر راهبردها اثرگذار بودند (β=0.487 و β=0.754)، و راهبردها و مقوله محوری نیز بهطور معنادار پیامدها را پیشبینی کردند (β=0.415 و β=0.896)، همچنین شاخصهای برازش (GOF≈0.72) و روایی و پایایی سازهها در سطح مطلوب قرار داشتند. مدل ارائهشده از اعتبار تجربی و برازش قوی برخوردار بوده و میتواند بهعنوان چارچوبی بومی و کاربردی برای بازطراحی برنامههای درسی آموزش عالی مبتنی بر تفکر طراحی مورد استفاده برنامهریزان و سیاستگذاران قرار گیرد.
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