طراحی و هنجاریابی ابزار سنجش مدرسه شاد در دوره ابتدایی
کلمات کلیدی:
طراحی, هنجاریابی, مدرسه شاد, دوره ابتدایی, اعتبارسنجیچکیده
هدف این پژوهش طراحی و اعتبارسنجی ابزاری بومی برای سنجش مؤلفههای مدرسه شاد در دوره ابتدایی بود. پژوهش با رویکرد آمیخته اکتشافی متوالی انجام شد؛ در بخش کیفی با 15 نفر از خبرگان از طریق مصاحبههای نیمهساختاریافته و تحلیل محتوای قراردادی، مؤلفهها استخراج گردید و ابزار اولیه با 83 گویه طراحی شد؛ در بخش کمی، نمونهای شامل 254 مدیر و معلم ابتدایی بهصورت تصادفی انتخاب و روایی صوری، محتوایی (CVR، CVI) و سازهای (تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی) و پایایی (آلفای کرونباخ) بررسی شد. نتایج تحلیل عاملی نشان داد ابزار نهایی با 43 گویه در 4 عامل شامل برنامه درسی و فوقبرنامه، معلم، شرایط فیزیکی و مدیریت و جو مدرسه، 68 درصد واریانس را تبیین میکند؛ همچنین شاخصهای روایی محتوایی در سطح مطلوب (CVI>0.79) و پایایی بسیار بالا (α>0.70 برای همه ابعاد و 0.97 برای کل ابزار) تأیید شد. ابزار طراحیشده از روایی و پایایی مطلوبی برخوردار است و میتواند بهعنوان ابزاری استاندارد برای سنجش میزان شادابی مدارس ابتدایی و شناسایی نقاط قوت و ضعف در این حوزه مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
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مراجع
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